MIR-NATs: Noncoding RNAs That Rein in Aggregating Proteins?
A “mammalian-wide interspersed repeat-natural antisense transcript” blocks translation of tau mRNA. Other MIR-NATS may act on α-synuclein and APP.
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A “mammalian-wide interspersed repeat-natural antisense transcript” blocks translation of tau mRNA. Other MIR-NATS may act on α-synuclein and APP.
Via recently discovered channels, freshly made monocytes and B cells in the bone marrow of the skull and vertebrae travel directly into the meninges, where they stand ready to infiltrate the brain. These immune cells are distinct from their blood-borne counterparts.
Disruption of the membraneless organelles may explain toxicity of tau aggregates.
Certain neurons crank up ApoE expression with age in mice. Ditto with AD progression in people. These same neurons ramp up immune response genes. The shift could foreshadow their demise.
In the plaque-ridden mouse brain, microglia that had taken up Aβ activated a unique gene-expression profile. It faded after microglia were moved to plaque-free environs.
Many Alzheimer’s researchers believe the aducanumab approval heralds the beginning of treatments that slow disease progression—but even they are aghast at the price and hope the drug will not sideline other trials.
The APP/PS1 double knock-ins begin to deposit amyloid in the brain by 3 months of age.
In mice, an IgG4 version of semorinemab better protected neurons, but for AX004, an IgG1 version better cleared tau. How to make the choice?
In the face of aging or amyloidosis, microglia lacking C9ORF72 ramped up interferon genes, accumulated lysosomes, and ate synapses.
In the negative Phase 2 trial of prasinezumab, populations with more rapid decline benefited; this informed the design of a new Phase 2b study.
Data from Phase 3 trials of elenbecestat show no harm to cognition, leaving open a chance that the drugs could be used safely in the future.
In postmortem brain, proteins involved in all manner of vesicular functions waxed or waned with increasing phases of disease, starting years prior to symptoms.
The iPSC Neurodegenerative Disease Initiative is creating 100+ isogenic cell lines. Each carries a different risk variant for Alzheimer's or a related dementia. Scientists around the world can obtain the cells through Jackson Labs.
The first detailed look at expression profiles in blood vessels of the human brain identifies new cell subtypes. These cells express 30 of the top 45 AD risk genes.
Downregulation of a chemokine receptor traps T cells in the meninges. Glymph drainage slows, amyloid burden rises.