Quite independently of what it does to Aβ or tau, ApoE4 stokes α-synuclein pathology in mouse models. People with Lewy body dementia who carry ApoE4 had more phosphorylated synuclein in their brains, and their cognition declined faster.
Middle-aged WTC responders have cognitive problems, which correlate not only with their PTSD symptoms and exposure to toxic dust, but also with biomarkers of amyloid and tau.
These oily microglia resemble the foamy macrophages seen in atherosclerotic plaques. They correlate with aging, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disease.
Single-nucleus transcriptomics of postmortem AD brain and mouse models of amyloidosis hammers home the species-specific responses of microglia to Aβ pathology.