Among AD Mutations, Only ApoE4 Seems to Hobble Microglia
In induced human microglia, the E4 allele profoundly affected their health and cellular responses, while familial Alzheimer’s mutations had little effect.
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In induced human microglia, the E4 allele profoundly affected their health and cellular responses, while familial Alzheimer’s mutations had little effect.
Hypometabolism in the frontal cortex and in the anterior default mode network distinguish the behavioral variant of AD from typical AD.
Overexpressing neuronal A2A receptors stoked C1q in microglia, damaging synapses and memory.
Ablating the immune cells protected mouse models of frontotemporal dementia from the neurodegeneration caused by human ApoE4.
The first ever cryoEM structures of Aβ fibrils extracted from AD tissue look quite different than prior structures of fibrils generated in vitro. For starters, they are right-hand twisted, not left-hand.
Imaging studies suggest that ApoE4 carriers may be more susceptible to the effects of tangles, particularly if they are women.
Eliminating microglia in a mouse model of amyloidosis nearly abolished parenchymal plaques, but led to a huge buildup of amyloid in cerebral blood vessels.
Sedentary mice infused with the plasma of active ones had more newborn neurons in the brain and less neuroinflammation. Exercising upped plasma clusterin in mice and in humans.
Regulatory T cells rush into the brain after a stroke, quelling astrocytosis and aiding neural recovery.
In a fly model of neurodegeneration, CDK5 slams autophagy, which leads to a runaway immune response that shoves aging neurons over the edge.
The ligand binds the microglia-specific CSF1 receptor in animal and postmortem studies; human trials are forthcoming.
During deep sleep, people with AD pathology, particularly tau tangles, have less low-frequency slow-wave brain activity, which is important for memory consolidation.
A flavonoid reportedly spices up oxidative phosphorylation in microglial mitochondria, revving up phagocytosis of amyloid plaques in mouse models. The small study needs independent replication.
Liquid beads of TDP-43 form independently of stress granules and sequester proteins needed for nucleocytoplasmic transport.
Perturbations in the hormone correlate with memory problems. But does FGF23 act in the brain, or affect cognition indirectly via the kidneys?