. Epigenetic changes in Alzheimer's disease: decrements in DNA methylation. Neurobiol Aging. 2010 Dec;31(12):2025-37. PubMed.

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  1. Methylation changes in AD are becoming more and more studied. The paper by Mastroeni and colleagues evidences that changes in DNA methylation are particularly evident in specific (sensitive) neurons.

    It is very good that different researchers apply different strategies to study this feature: protein methylation (Sontag et al., 2008; Zhou et al., 2008), DNA methylation of specific AD loci in post-mortem brains (Mastroeni et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2008), DNA methylation in aging (Siegmund et al., 2007), methylation metabolism in AD models (Fuso et al., 2008).

    Future developments on this topic will certainly help to clarify some aspects of the multifactorial basis of AD.

    References:

    . B-vitamin deprivation induces hyperhomocysteinemia and brain S-adenosylhomocysteine, depletes brain S-adenosylmethionine, and enhances PS1 and BACE expression and amyloid-beta deposition in mice. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2008 Apr;37(4):731-46. PubMed.

    . Epigenetic changes in Alzheimer's disease: decrements in DNA methylation. Neurobiol Aging. 2010 Dec;31(12):2025-37. PubMed.

    . DNA methylation in the human cerebral cortex is dynamically regulated throughout the life span and involves differentiated neurons. PLoS One. 2007;2(9):e895. PubMed.

    . Folate deficiency induces in vitro and mouse brain region-specific downregulation of leucine carboxyl methyltransferase-1 and protein phosphatase 2A B(alpha) subunit expression that correlate with enhanced tau phosphorylation. J Neurosci. 2008 Nov 5;28(45):11477-87. PubMed.

    . Age-specific epigenetic drift in late-onset Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One. 2008;3(7):e2698. PubMed.

    . Tau hyperphosphorylation correlates with reduced methylation of protein phosphatase 2A. Neurobiol Dis. 2008 Sep;31(3):386-94. PubMed.

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