. Aggregation of alpha-synuclein induced by the Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxide system. Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Mar 15;32(6):544-50. PubMed.

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  1. There appears to be a strong connection between metals and synuclein aggregation. Kang's group previously showed that copper and iron potently stimulates synuclein aggregation in vitro, and papers from my group have shown that iron stimulates synuclein aggregation in cells. We also recently showed that magnesium inhibits synuclein aggregation. By focusing on Cu/Zn SOD, Kang's group has provides a mechanism by which copper could be delivered to synuclein, which suggests that metal containing proteins can deliver metals to synuclein and thereby stimulate synuclein aggregation. Delivery of metals from metal-associated proteins might also explain results by Masliah's group showing that cytochrome C (which contains iron) stimulates synuclein aggregation.

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