8 September 2000. From today's issue of Science: The possibility of using stem
cells from the brain to grow neural tissues has advanced a key step now that British
scientists have coaxed certain nerve cells backwards in their development process
to the stem cell stage. Neural stem cells can develop into any kind of nerve cell,
but are less abundant and more difficult to isolate than the more differentiated
cells that were the subjects of the study. These cells, called oligodendrocyte
precursor cells (OPCs), supply the brain with the cells that form insulating sheaths
around neurons. Toru Kondo and Martin Raff soaked the OPCs in substances containing
several growth factors, signaling molecules that could direct the cells from the
outside to revert into self-renewing stem cells. The authors then used other growth
factors to induce the flexible cells to become two other key types of nerve cells,
neurons and astrocytes. (From Science press release.)
Reference:Kondo T and Raff M. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells reprogrammed to become multipotential CNS stem cells. Science 2000 Sep 8;289(5485):1754-7. Abstract