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Important Notice: The Forum does not endorse any medical
product or therapy. ALL medications and supplements
should be taken ONLY under the supervision of a physician,
due to the possibility of side-effects, drug interactions,
etc.
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Name:
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AC-1204
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Other Names:
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caprylic triglyceride, long-chain triglyceride
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Therapeutic Applications:
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Mild to moderate Alzheimer Disease
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Therapy Types:
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Medical food
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Mechanisms:
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Chronic induction of ketosis to improve mitochondrial metabolism
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Development Status:
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investigational in U.S.
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FDA Phase:
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Phase II/III
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Primary Medical Role:
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AC-1204 is a ketogenic compound administered as a medical
food. Ketosis induces the production of ketone bodies,
predominantly beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) that substitutes
for glucose as an energy substrate for the production of ATP.
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Role in Alzheimer's Disease:
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AC-1204 increases ketone body production and targets glucose
hypometabolism by providing increased ketone bodies as an
alternative energy source in the brain. Accera's Ketasyn
(AC-1202) was FDA approved as a medical food in 2009. See
related Alzforum News article Medical Foods—Fallback
Option for Elusive AD Drug Status?. Results of clinical
testing of AC-1202 was published by Henderson et al 2009.
In vitro data shows that ketone body beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)
preserves neuronal integrity and stability (Izumi et al
1998). BHB has been shown to reduce the total Abeta40 and
Abeta42 and reduces Abeta toxicity (Kashiwaya et al 2000;
Van der Auwera et al 2005).
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Companies:
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Accera, Inc.
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Notes:
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Accera has announced a Phase II/III clinical trial to test
long-term efficacy response of AC-1204 in subjects with mild
to moderate Alzheimer's Disease who are APOE4(-). This
study is not yet open for participant recruitment. See NCT01211782
for further details.
This entry was updated November 29, 2010.
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Henderson ST, Vogel JL, Barr LJ, Garvin F, Jones JJ,
Costantini LC. Study of
the ketogenic agent AC-1202 in mild to moderate Alzheimer's
disease: a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter
trial. Nutr Metab
(Lond). 2009 Aug 10;6:31. POW link
Van der Auwera I, Wera S, Van Leuven F, Henderson ST. A
ketogenic diet reduces
amyloid beta 40 and 42 in a mouse model of Alzheimer's
disease. Nutr Metab
(Lond). 2005 Oct 17;2:28. POW link
Kashiwaya Y, Takeshima T, Mori N, Nakashima K, Clarke K,
Veech RL.
D-beta-hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's
disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 9;97(10):5440-4. POW link
Izumi Y, Ishii K, Katsuki H, Benz AM, Zorumski CF.
beta-Hydroxybutyrate fuels
synaptic function during development. Histological and
physiological evidence in
rat hippocampal slices. J Clin Invest. 1998 Mar
1;101(5):1121-32. POW link
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