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The brains of Alzheimer's disease victims are peppered with neuritic plaques—microscopic, spherical structures containing, among other things, deposits of β amyloid peptide, dead and dying neurons and evidence of inflammation...
An enzyme in <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> affects the rate at which the dainty worms age, by modulating the cellular response to oxidative stress...
Acetylcholine has different effects on the excitability of different neuronal types, according to work by Xiang, et al, published in today's Science. The researchers examined two subtypes of interneurons in layer V of rat visual cortex...
Maybe it is time to give up steak in order to live longer—at least if you are a fruit fly. According to a study published today in Science, a diet of sugar keeps flies in a metabolic "waiting mode," in which both reproduction and death rates are low...
Stress and glucocorticoids (hormones produced in response to stress) are known to impair the acquisition and storage of new information. But stress also hinders the ability to recall memories...
It has been theorized that cell membranes contain stable regions consisting of glycolipids and cholesterol. They are called detergent-insoluble glycolipid-enriched membrane domains (DIGs)...
For many families caring for an Alzheimer's patient, it is not the memory impairment per se that drives them to place their loved one in a nursing home, so much as the agitation, aggression and even violence that demented patients frequently exhibit...
A 15-year study involving more than 100 families and 1,000 individuals has provided the first strong evidence of genetic susceptiblity to schizophrenia, within a stretch of chormosome 13...
The growing tips, or growth cones, of neurons are confronted with a chemical cacophany of growth-guiding cues. How do they know which ones to heed?...
Puny polymer pellets show promise as a vehicle for delivering nerve-growth factor (NGF) to the basal forebrain, where the substance could rescue or even regenerate neurons damaged by Alzheimer's disease...
A novel brain-imaging agent that binds selectively to dopamine transporter molecules promises to open up a window on the functioning of the brain's dopamine system. Dopamine is one of the brain's major neurotransmitters...
Glutamate is a neurotransmitter that is toxic when too much of it is released by excessive neuronal activity or by brain injury. Some researchers have also proposed that glutamate toxicity drives the neurodegeneration...
A study published in tomorrow's Science provides new details of how the transcription factor NF-κB protects cells from apoptosis. C.-Y. Wang and colleagues report they have identified four genes that are targets of NF-κB activity...
Neuronal growth and synapse formation is regulated by a combination of activity-independent and activity-dependent mechanisms. In today's Science, E. Nedivi et al. describe CPG15, a molecule that enhances dendritic arbor growth...
A mutation in the gene for PAK-3, a molecule that is thought to play a variety of roles in the nervous system, has been implicated in a form of X-chromosome-linked mental retardation...
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