Prion Soup
Researchers in the U.K. have created conditions inside a test tube in which human prion protein can flip back and forth between normal forms and abnormal forms associated with neurodegenerative disease...
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Abnormal Motion Processing in AD
It has long been assumed that the reason Alzheimer's patients tend to get lost is because of memory failure and confusion. But a new study appearing in tomorow’s issue of Neurology suggests that impaired processing of visual information...
More Details to the β-catenin Picture
β-catenin, a protein that regulates transcription, has drawn attention in Alzheimer's research because it interacts with PS1 and PS2. It was also recently found that AD patients with the PS1 mutation have markedly reduced β-catenin...
Making Dirty RNA from Clean DNA
Fred Van Leeuwen and his colleagues reported last year (Science 9 Jan 1998;279:242-7) that some neurons in Alzheimer's patients contain mutant RNA coding for APP and ubiquitin...
Watching Enzymes at Work
Three-dimensional images of enzymes at work in cells? This is the promise of a new advance in microscopy called fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)...
More Clues in the Case, but γ-Secretase Remains at Large
In the search for the elusive γ-secretase that cleaves β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), much attention has been paid to the protein Notch, which is critical in developmental pathways...
Can Functional MRI Predict Alzheimer's Disease?
At the American Academy of Neurology meeting in Toronto, Scott Small and colleagues presented data suggesting that fMRI can distinguish early AD-related memory decline from other sources of memory decline...
Of Presenilins and Armadillos
The armadillo gene—so named because its mutated form in fruit flies produces a phenotype with short spiky hairs, reminiscent of those on the armadillo—codes for a protein that is a homologue of the human β-catenin...
Biochemical Mechanisms of Long-Term Memory
Evidence from several sources suggests that the dorsal hippocampus is critical for the formation and storage of spatial information. In the long term, such information is believed to be transferred to the neocortex for storage...
A Note of Caution about COX-2 Inhibitors
Hopes have been raised that drugs which inhibit the proinflammatory COX-2 enzyme could be effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and perhaps also Alzheimer's disease...
Aging and Pathology Interacting in the Cholinergic System
The "cholinergic hypothesis" of cognition places emphasis on the role of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain and their projections to cortical areas...
ApoE4 Testing Rejected by Ethics Panel
Genetic testing for the ApoE allele should not be used to aid diagnosis of the sporadic form of Alzheimer's disease, concludes a Stanford University biomedical ethics committee...
Human ApoE3, but Not ApoE4, Protects Neurons in the ApoE Knockout Mice
A 1997 study indicated that Alzheimer's patients who carried one or both alleles that code for the E4 form of apolipoprotein had more severe neurodegeneration than did patients who carried only alleles coding for the E3 form of the protein...
The AMPA Receptor Steps out of the Shadows
Researchers studying the molecular basis of long-term potentiation (LTP) have typically focused on the role of NMDA glutamate receptor, but two papers published in the June 11 issue of Science elucidate the role of the other glutamate receptor, the AMPA receptor...
Novel APP-p53 Interaction Found
Neurons taken from the brains of deceased Alzheimer's patients exhibit markers for apoptosis, but little is known about what induces the expression of apoptotic genes...
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